11. What specialized cells line the inner cavity and move fluids through filter feeding sponges?

All living structures of human anatomy contain cells, and almost all functions of human physiology are performed in cells or are initiated by cells

Even bacteria, which are extremely small, independently-living organisms, have a cellular structure.

A cell is the smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism.Molecules are the chemical building blocks of all body structures.Two or more atoms combine to form a molecule, such as the water molecules, proteins, and sugars found in living things.Atoms are made up of subatomic particles such as the proton, electron, and neutron.The smallest unit of any of these pure substances (elements) is an atom.F amiliar examples are hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and iron. The Levels of OrganizationĪll matter in the universe is composed of one or more unique pure substances called elements. The organization of the body often is discussed in terms of six distinct levels of increasing complexity, from the smallest chemical building blocks to a unique human organism. Much of the study of physiology centers on the body’s tendency toward homeostasis.Ĭonsider the structures of the body in terms of fundamental levels of organization that increase in complexity: subatomic particles, atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, and biosphere ( Figure 3.1).įigure 3.1 Levels of Structural Organization of the Human Body. It is important to put into context where in the body the medical term is referencing, and then consider how it works within the body.Īnatomy focuses on structure and physiology focuses on function. Proceeding through the body system chapters, you will learn word parts, whole medical terms, and common abbreviations. Recall body cavities and the functions of associated membranesĪs you memorize the language components of medical terminology, it is important to support that learning within the context of anatomy and physiology.Evaluate the anatomical position, regional terms, directional terms, body planes, and body quadrants for anatomical positioning.Investigate the basic architecture and levels of organization of the human body.Assess medical language learning to the context of anatomy and physiology.

11. What specialized cells line the inner cavity and move fluids through filter feeding sponges?